- 1History
- 2Applications
- 2.3Use with computers
- 2.3.3Software
- 2.3Use with computers
- 3Devices
- 3.1Connectors
- 3.3Instruments
- 4Technical specifications
- 4.1Messages
- 5Extensions
- 6Alternative hardware transports
- 6.2XLR connectors
- 7MIDI 2.0
History[edit]
Development[edit]
Impact[edit]
Applications[edit]
Instrument control[edit]
Composition[edit]
Drum sample 1 Drum sample 2 Bass sample 1 Bass sample 2 A combination of the previous four files, with piano, jazz guitar, a hi-hat and four extra measures added to complete the short song, in A minor | |
Problems playing these files? See media help. |
Use with computers[edit]
Standard files[edit]
.rmi
extension. RIFF-RMID has been deprecated in favor of Extensible Music Files (XMF).[40]MIDI files[edit]
Software[edit]
Sequencers[edit]
Notation/scoring software[edit]
Editor/librarians[edit]
Auto-accompaniment programs[edit]
Synthesis and sampling[edit]
Game music[edit]
Other applications[edit]
Devices[edit]
Connectors[edit]
Management devices[edit]
Interfaces[edit]
Controllers[edit]
Instruments[edit]
Synthesizers[edit]
Samplers[edit]
Drum machines[edit]
Workstations and hardware sequencers[edit]
Effects devices[edit]
Technical specifications[edit]
Messages[edit]
Event | Status byte | Byte 2 | Byte 3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Note Off | 0x8 | Channel 0x0..0xF | Note Number | Velocity |
Note On | 0x9 | Note Number | Velocity | |
Polyphonic Key Pressure (Aftertouch) | 0xA | Note Number | Pressure | |
Control Change | 0xB | Controller Number | Value | |
Program Change | 0xC | Program Number | ||
Channel Pressure (Aftertouch) | 0xD | Pressure | ||
Pitch Wheel | 0xE | LSB | MSB |
CC# MSB | CC# LSB | Name |
---|---|---|
0 | 32 | Bank Select |
1 | 33O | Modulation wheel or lever |
4 | 36O | Foot Controller |
5 | 37O | Portamento Time |
6 | 38 | Data Entry |
7 | 39O | Channel Volume |
10 | 42O | Pan |
11 | 43O | Expression |
98 | 99 | Non-Registered Parameter Number (NRPN) |
100 | 101 | Registered Parameter Number (RPN) |
CC# | Name | |
64 | Damper Pedal (Sustain/Hold) On/Off | |
65 | Portamento On/Off | |
66 | Sostenuto On/Off | |
67 | Soft Pedal On/Off | |
70 | Sound Controller 1 (Sound Variation) | |
71 | Sound Controller 2 (Timbre/Harmonic Intensity) | |
72 | Sound Controller 3 (Release Time) | |
73 | Sound Controller 4 (Attack Time) | |
74 | Sound Controller 5 (Brightness) | |
75 | Sound Controller 6 (Decay Time) | |
76 | Sound Controller 7 (Vibrato Rate) | |
77 | Sound Controller 8 (Vibrato Depth) | |
78 | Sound Controller 9 (Vibrato Delay) | |
79 | Sound Controller 10 (undefined) | |
91 | Effects 1 Depth (Reverb Send Level) | |
92 | Effects 2 Depth (formerly Tremolo Depth) | |
93 | Effects 3 Depth (Chorus Send Level) | |
94 | Effects 4 Depth (formerly Celeste [Detune] Depth) | |
95 | Effects 5 Depth (formerly Phaser Depth) | |
96 | Data Increment (Data Entry +1) | |
97 | Data Decrement (Data Entry -1) |
Parameter Numbers | Function | Data Entry values | |
---|---|---|---|
CC#101 | CC#100 | CC#6 / CC#38 | |
0x00 | 0x0 | Pitch Bend Sensitivity | +/- semitones, =+/--cents |
0x1 | Channel Fine Tuning | 0x4000 = 440 Hz, range +/-100 cents | |
0x2 | Channel Coarse Tuning | 0x4000 = 440 Hz, resolution 100 cents | |
0x3 | Tuning Program Change | Tuning Program Number | |
0x4 | Tuning Bank Select | Tuning Bank Number | |
0x5 | Modulation Depth Range | Defined by General MIDI Level 2 | |
0x6 | MPE Configurarion Message | Defined by MIDI Polyphonic Expression | |
0x7F | 0x7F | Null Function Number | Disable the data entry, data increment, and data decrement controllers |
CC# | Name |
---|---|
120 | All Sound Off |
121 | All Controllers Off |
122 | Local Control On/Off |
123 | All Notes Off |
124 | Omni Off |
125 | Omni On |
126 | Mono On (Poly Off) |
127 | Poly On (Mono Off) |
Event | Status byte | Byte 2 | Byte 3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
MIDI Time Code | 0xF | 0x1 | Timecode Piece | |
Song Position Pointer | 0x2 | LSB | MSB | |
Song Select | 0x3 | Song Number | ||
Tune request | 0x6 |
Event | Status byte | |
---|---|---|
Timing clock | 0xF | 0x8 |
MIDI tick | 0x9 | |
Start | 0xA | |
Continue | 0xB | |
Stop | 0xC | |
Active Sensing | 0xE | |
Reset | 0xF |
System Exclusive messages [edit]
Implementation chart[edit]
Electrical specifications[edit]
Extensions[edit]
General MIDI[edit]
GS, XG, and GM2[edit]
Tuning standard[edit]
Time code[edit]
Machine control[edit]
Show control[edit]
Timestamping[edit]
Sample dump standard[edit]
Downloadable sounds[edit]
MIDI Polyphonic Expression[edit]
Alternative hardware transports[edit]
USB and FireWire[edit]
XLR connectors[edit]
Serial parallel, and joystick port[edit]
mLAN[edit]
Ethernet and Internet[edit]
Wireless[edit]
TRS minijack[edit]
MIDI 2.0[edit]
MIDI Capability Inquiry[edit]
Universal MIDI Packet[edit]
Type | Length | Payload |
---|---|---|
0x0 | 32 bit | Utility messages |
0x1 | 32 bit | System Real-Time, System Common messages |
0x2 | 32 bit | MIDI 1.0 Channel Voice messages |
0x3 | 64 bit | Data message (including System Exclusive) |
0x4 | 64 bit | MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice message |
0x5 | 128 bit | Data message |
0x6-0xF | Reserved |
Header | Type = 0x2 | Group | Status byte (Event/Channel) |
---|---|---|---|
# of bits | 4 | 4 | 8 |
Payload | Byte 2 | Byte 3 | |
# of bits | 8ZR | 8ZR |
R High bit is reserved.
New protocol[edit]
- Channel Control Change messages #0-127
- Polyphonic (per-note) pressure message
- Channel Pitch Bend message
- Channel Pressure (aftertouch) message
- Program/Bank Change message, bank #0-16383 program #0-127
- Registered controller (RPN) message, bank #0-127 index #0-127 with 32-bit data
- Assignable controller (NRPN) message, bank #0-127 index #0-127 with 32-bit data
- Note On/Off #0-127 with 16-bit Velocity and Attribute type #0-255 with 16-bit Attribute data
- Per-note Registered Controller messages #0-255
- Per-note Assignable Controller messages #0-255
- Per-note Pitch Bend message
- Per-note Management message
Registered Controller message | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Header | Type = 0x4 | Group | Event = 0x2 = 0b0010 | Channel | ||
# of bits | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||
Payload | Bank | Index | Data | |||
# of bits | 8R | 8R | 32 | |||
Assignable Controller message | ||||||
Header | Type = 0x4 | Group | Event = 0x3 = 0b0011 | Channel | ||
# of bits | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||
Payload | Bank | Index | Data | |||
# of bits | 8R | 8R | 32 | |||
Note On message | ||||||
Header | Type = 0x4 | Group | Event = 0x9 = 0b1001 | Channel | ||
# of bits | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||
Payload | Note Number | Attribute type | Velocity | Attribute | ||
# of bits | 8R | 8 | 16 | 16 | ||
Program Change message | ||||||
Header | Type = 0x4 | Group | Event = 0xA = 0b1100 | Channel | ||
# of bits | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||
Payload | reserved | Option flagsB | Program | reserved | Bank MSB | Bank LSB |
# of bits | 8 | 8 | 8R | 8 | 8R | 8R |
B 0x1 = Bank Valid.
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^The MIDI standard allows selection of 128 different programs, but devices can provide more by arranging their patches into banks of 128 programs each, and combining a program change message with a bank select message.
- ^Although MIDI nominally uses a +5 volt source, it is possible to change the resistance values in the MIDI out circuit to achieve a similar current with other voltage supplies (in particular, for 3.3 volt systems).
References[edit]
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- ^''TouchOSC'. 'hexler.net' n.p. n.d. Web. 20 Aug 2012'. Hexler.net. Archived from the original on 5 December 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2012.Cite uses deprecated parameter
|deadurl=
(help) - ^'XBee Adapter – wireless Arduino programmingArchived 2 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine'. ladyada.net. n.p. 17 May 2011. Web. 20 Aug 2012.
- ^'TouchDAW - DAW controller and MIDI utilities for Android™'. Archived from the original on 7 September 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016.Cite uses deprecated parameter
|deadurl=
(help) - ^'What if we used stereo minijack cables for MIDI?'. 26 August 2015.
- ^'Specification for TRS Adapters Adopted and Released'. www.midi.org.
- ^'It's official: minijack connections are now kosher for MIDI'. 21 August 2018.
- ^ ab'The MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA) and the Association of Music Electronics Industry (AMEI) announce MIDI 2.0™ Prototyping'. www.midi.org.
- ^ ab'MMA HD Protocol AnnouncementArchived 14 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine'. midi.org. MIDI Manufacturers Association. n.d. Web. 22 August 2012
- ^ ab'General Meeting for MIDI developers by MMAArchived 9 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine'. pro-music-news.com. Pro-Music-News. n.d. 22 August 2012
- ^'News: MIDI Manufacturers Association to Host Business Strategy Session on New Advanced Musical Instrument Control Technology at Winter NAMM Show'. Archived from the original on 14 October 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016.Cite uses deprecated parameter
|deadurl=
(help) - ^Future Music Magazine (4 February 2013). 'NAMM 2013: Panel discussion: Past, present and future of MIDI'. Archived from the original on 14 October 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016 – via YouTube.Cite uses deprecated parameter
|deadurl=
(help) - ^ abcde'Details about MIDI 2.0, MIDI-CI, Profiles and Property Exchange'. www.midi.org.
External links[edit]
- You can download English-language MIDI specifications at the MIDI Manufacturers Association
After more than 12 years offering our services, we regret to announce that on July 20, Red Karaoke, which was the first online karaoke service in the world, will close its doors.
The reason is none other than the lack of support from the music publishing industry, which prevents us from continuing with the dream that began on April 3, 2007: building the world’s largest karaoke thanks to the power of the Internet, and contributing to fight against piracy in the sector, in addition to generating new revenue lines for authors and publishers.
The dream of Red Karaoke ends here, but luckily the opportunity to sing and enjoy online karaoke is still alive in multiple platforms and applications that followed our lead and were inspired by what we had built. We have tried everything to avoid this situation, and although in the end it could not be, it comforts us to know that our invention will last forever. ðŸ™x81
The Red Karaoke team wants to thank you very much for the more than 14 million people who at some point registered to sing and enjoy with us, and the hundreds of millions who visited our website in these years. Thanks to you all this has made sense.
Thank you, and we hope the music always accompanies you.